Structure and Motion Laboratory

People

Professor Alan Wilson

Alan in Bolivia

 

I graduated from Glasgow University in 1987 having studied Veterinary Medicine and an intercalated BSc in Physiology.

I subsequently undertook a PhD in the Anatomy Department at Bristol University, supervised by Allen Goodship, where I studied the mechanical basis of tendon injury. A brief period as a postdoc and then as a lecturer followed.

I moved to the RVC in 1996 where I now hold the post of Professor of Locomotor Biomechanics.

My scientific interests include: design of animals for high speed locomotion and factors limiting athletic performance, innovative measurement techniques for studying animals during field locomotion, muscle-tendon interaction in locomotion, and the diagnosis, assessment and treatment of locomotor dysfunction. I currently hold a BBSRC Research Fellowship and a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. (see Links).

I have worked with a range of animals including humans, horses, greyhounds, ostriches and camels with plans for others in the future. The bones in the photo are the metacarpals (the hand bones) from a giraffe.

E-mail: awilson at rvc.ac.uk
(formatting removed to reduce spam)

Phone: +44 (0) 1707 666259

 

Giraffe metacarpal bones

 

Publications

Papers

 

 

 

Cheng L, Tan H, Kuntze G, Bezodis IN, Hailes S, Kerwin DG, Wilson AM. A low-cost accurate speed tracking system for supporting sprint coaching. Journal of Sports Engineering & Technology (accepted for publication)

2010

Walker AM, Pfau T, Channon A, Wilson AM.  Assessment of dairy cow locomotion in a commercial farm setting the effects of walking speed on ground reaction forces and temporal and linear stride characteristics. Research in Vet Sci 88: 179-187. Online.

2009

Bowtell MV, Tan H, Wilson AM.  The consistency of maximum running speed measurements in humans using a feedback-controlled treadmill, and a comparison with maximum attainable speed during overground locomotion. Journal of Biomechanics. 42: 2569-2574. Online.

2009

Channon A, Walker AM, Pfau T, Sheldon IM, Wilson AM. Variability of Manson and Leaver locomotion scores assigned to dairy cows by different observers. Vet Record. 164: 388-392. Online.

2009

Ferrari M. Pfau T, Wilson AM, Weller R. The effect of training on stride parameters in a cohort of National Hunt racing Thoroughbreds: a preliminary study. Equine Vet J 41:493-497. Online.

2009

Church EE, Walker AM, Wilson AM Pfau, T. Evaluation of discriminant analysis based on dorsoventral symmetry indices to quantify hind limb lameness during over ground locomotion in the horse.  Equine Vet J Suppl. 41: 304-308. Online.

2009

Lichtwark GA, Watson JC, Mavrommatis S, Wilson AM. Intensity of activation and timing of deactivation modulate elastic energy storage and release in a pinnate muscle and account for gait-specific initiation of limb protraction in the horse.  Journal of Exp Biol. 212: 2454-2463.  Online.

2009

Pfau T, Spence A, Starke, S, Ferrari M, Wilson AM. Modern Riding Style Improves Horse Racing Times. Science. (New York, NY 325(5938) 289. Online.

2009

Rees JD, Wolman RL, Wilson AM. Eccentric exercises; why do they work, what are the problems and how can we improve them?  Br J Sports Med. 43:242-246.  Online.

2009

Starke SD, Robilliard JJ, Weller R, Wilson AM, Pfau T.  Walk-run classification of symmetrical gaits in the horse, a multidimensional approach. Journal of the Royal Soc, Interface 6: 335-342. Online

2009

Williams SB, Tan H, Usherwood JR, Wilson AM. Pitch then power: limitations to acceleration in quadrupeds. Biology Letters. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2009.0360 [pdf], [supplementary info] & [movie]

2009

Halfacree Z, Wilson AM, Baines S. In vitro performance of suction drains. Am J Vet Res. 70: 283-289. Online

2009

Williams SB, Usherwood JR, Jespers K, Channon AJ, Wilson AM. Exploring the mechanical basis for acceleration: pelvic limb locomotor function during accelerations in racing greyhounds (Canis familiaris). J Exp Biol. 212: 550-565. Online

2008

Birch HL, Goodship A, Wilson AM.  Physical activity: Does long term high intensity exercise in horses result in tendon degeneration? J Appl Physiol 105: 1927-33. Online.

2008

Spence AJ, Tan H, Wilson AM. Accuracy of the TurfTrax Racing Data System for determination of speed and position. Equine Vet J. 40: 680-3. Online.

2008

Rees JD, Wolman RL, Wilson AM. Eccentric exercises; why do they work, what are the problems and how can we improve them?  Br J Sports Med. 10: 1136  Online.

2008

Lichtwark GA, Wilson AM. Optimal muscle fascicle length and tendon stiffness for maximising gastrocnemius efficiency during human walking and running. J Theoretical Biol. 252: 662-673. Online.

2008

Tan H, Wilson AM, Lowe J. Measurement of stride parameters using a wearable GPS and inertial measurement unit. J Biomech. 41: 1398-1406. Online.

2008

Pfau T, Ferrari M, Parsons K, Wilson AM. A hidden Markov model based stride segmentation technique applied to equine inertial sensor trunk movement data. J Biomech. 41:216-220. Online.

2008

Rees JD, Lichtwark GA, Wolman RL, Wilson AM. Comment on: The mechanism for efficacy of eccentric loading in Achilles tendon injury, an in vivo study in humans.  Rheumatology.  48: 203. Online.

2008

Rees JD, Lichtwark GA, Wolman RL, Wilson AM. The mechanism for efficacy of eccentric loading in Achilles tendon injury, an in vivo study in humans.  Rheumatology.  47: 1493-1497. Online.

2008

Starke SD, Robilliard, JJ, Weller R, Wilson AM, Pfau T.  Walk-run classification of symmetrical gaits in the horse: a multidimensional approach. J Roy Soc Interface. Epub ahead of print. Online.

2008

Williams SB, Wilson AM, Daynes J, Peckham K, Payne RC. Functional anatomy and muscle moment arms of the thoracic limb of an elite sprinting athlete: the racing greyhound (Canis familiaris). J Anat. 213: 373-382 Online.

2008

Williams SB, Wilson AM, Rhodes L, Andrews, J, Payne RC. Functional anatomy and muscle moment arms of the pelvic limb of an elite sprinting athlete: the racing greyhound (Canis familiaris). J Anat. 213: 361-72 Online.

2008

Parsons KJ, Pfau T, Ferrari M, Wilson AM. High speed gallop locomotion in the Thoroughbred racehorse II: The effect of incline on centre of mass movement and mechanical energy fluctuation. J Exp Biol. 211: 945-956. Online.

2008

Parsons KJ, Pfau T, Wilson AM. High speed gallop locomotion in the Thoroughbred racehorse I: The effect of incline on stride parameters. J Exp Biol. 211: 935-944. Online.

2008

Crook TC, Cruickshank SE, McGowan CM, Stubbs N, Wakeling JM, Wilson AM, Payne RC. Comparative anatomy and muscle architecture of selected hind limb muscles in the Quarter Horse and Arab. J. Anat. 212: 144-52. Online.

2007

Smith NC, Payne RC, Jespers KJ, Wilson AM. Muscle moment arms of pelvic limb muscles of the ostrich (struthio camelus). J. Anat. 211: 313-24. Online.

2007

Pfau T, Robilliard JJ, Weller R, Jespers K, Eliashar E, Wilson AM. Assessment of mild hindlimb lameness during over ground locomotion using linear discriminant analysis of inertial sensor data. Equine Vet J.  39: 407-413. Online.

2007

Williams SB, Wilson AM, Payne RC. Functional specialisation of the thoracic limb of the hare (Lepus Europeus) J. Anat. 210: 419-505. Online.

2007

Williams SB, Payne RC, Wilson AM. Functional specialisation of the pelvic limb of the hare (Lepus europeus) J. Anat. 210: 472-490. Online.

2007

Jindrich, DL, Smith, NC, Jespers, K, Wilson, AM. Mechanics of cutting maneuvers by ostriches (struthio camelus). J Exp Biol. 210: 1378-1390. Online.

2007

Lichtwark GA, Bougoulias K, Wilson AM. Muscle fascicle and series elastic element length changes along the length of the human gastrocnemius during walking and running. J Biomech, 40: 157-164. Online.

2007

Weller R, Pfau T, Ferrari M, Griffith R, Bradford T, Wilson A. The determination of muscle volume with a freehand 3D ultrasonography system. Ultrasound Med Biol. 33: 402-407. Online.

2007

Lichtwark GA, Wilson AM. Is Achilles tendon compliance optimised for maximum muscle efficiency during locomotion? J Biomech 40: 1768-1775. Online.

2007

Robilliard JJ, Pfau T, Wilson AM. Gait characterisation and classification in horses. J Exp Biol 2007; 210: 187-197. Online.

2007

Usherwood JR, Williams SB, Wilson AM. Mechanics of dog walking compared with a passive, stiff-limbed, 4-bar linkage model, and their collisional implications. J Exp Biol; 210: 533-540. Online.

2007

Watson JC, Wilson AM. Muscle architecture of biceps brachii, triceps brachii and supraspinatus in the horse. J Anat; 210: 32-40. Online.

2006

Harris RC, Harris PA, Routledge NBH, Naylor JRJ, Wilson AM. Plasma glutamine concentrations in the horse following feeding and oral glutamine supplementation. Equine Vet J Suppl 36; 637-642. Online.

2006

Parsons KJ, Wilson AM. The use of MP3 recorders to log data from equine hoof mounted accelerometers. Equine Vet J; 38: 675-680.  Online.

2006

Weller R, Pfau T, Verheyen K, May SA, Wilson AM. The effect of conformation on orthopaedic health and performance in a cohort of National Hunt racehorses: preliminary results. Equine Vet J; 38: 622-627.

2006

Weller R, Pfau T, May SA, Wilson AM. Variation in conformation in a cohort of National Hunt racehorses. Equine Vet J; 38: 616-621.

2006

Weller R, Pfau T, Babbage D, Brittin E, May SA, Wilson AM. Reliability of conformational measurements in the horse using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Equine Vet J; 38: 610-615.

2006

Usherwood JR, Wilson AM. Accounting for elite indoor 200 m sprint results. Biol Lett; 2: 47-50.

2006

Smith NC, Wilson AM, Jespers KJ, Payne RC. Muscle architecture and functional anatomy of the pelvic limb of the ostrich (Struthio camelus). J Anat; 209: 765-779.

2006

Witte TH, Hirst CV, Wilson AM. Effect of speed on stride parameters in racehorses at gallop in field conditions. J Exp Biol; 209: 4389-4397.

2006

Pfau T, Witte TH, Wilson AM. Centre of mass movement and mechanical energy fluctuation during gallop locomotion in the Thoroughbred racehorse. J Exp Biol; 209: 3742-3757.

2006

Moores AP, Beck AL, Jespers KJ, Wilson AM. Mechanical evaluation of two loop tensioning methods for crimp clamp extracapsular stabilization of the cranial cruciate ligament-deficient canine stifle. Vet Surg; 35: 476-479.

2006

Moores AP, Beck AL, Jespers KJ, Halfacree Z, Wilson AM. Mechanical evaluation of two crimp clamp systems for extracapsular stabilization of the cranial cruciate ligament-deficient canine stifle. Vet Surg; 35: 470-475.

2006

Ferrari M, Weller R, Pfau T, Payne RC, Wilson AM. A comparison of three-dimensional ultrasound, two-dimensional ultrasound and dissections for determination of lesion volume in tendons. Ultrasound Med Biol; 32: 797-804.

2006

Lichtwark GA, Wilson AM. Interactions between the human gastrocnemius muscle and the Achilles tendon during incline, level and decline locomotion. J Exp Biol; 209: 4379-4388.

2005

Usherwood JR, Wilson AM. Biomechanics: no force limit on greyhound sprint speed. Nature; 438: 753-754.

2005

Robilliard JJ, Wilson AM. Prediction of kinetics and kinematics of running animals using an analytical approximation to the planar spring-mass system. J Exp Biol; 208: 4377-4389.

2005

Pfau T, Witte TH, Wilson AM. A method for deriving displacement data during cyclical movement using an inertial sensor. J Exp Biol; 208: 2503-2514.

2005

Payne RC, Hutchinson JR, Robilliard JJ, Smith NC, Wilson AM. Functional specialisation of pelvic limb anatomy in horses (Equus caballus). J Anat; 206: 557-574.

2005

Witte TH, Wilson AM. Accuracy of WAAS-enabled GPS for the determination of position and speed over ground. J Biomech; 38: 1717-1722.

2005

McGuigan MP, Walsh TC, Pardoe CH, Day PS, Wilson AM. Deep digital flexor tendon force and digital mechanics in normal ponies and ponies with rotation of the distal phalanx as a sequel to laminitis. Equine Vet J; 37: 161-165.

2005

Lichtwark GA, Wilson AM. A modified Hill muscle model that predicts muscle power output and efficiency during sinusoidal length changes. J Exp Biol; 208: 2831-2843.

2005

Lichtwark GA, Wilson AM. Effects of series elasticity and activation conditions on muscle power output and efficiency. J Exp Biol 2005; 208: 2845-2853.

2005

Lichtwark GA, Wilson AM. In vivo mechanical properties of the human Achilles tendon during one-legged hopping. J Exp Biol; 208: 4715-4725.

2004

Payne RC, Veenman P, Wilson AM. The role of the extrinsic thoracic limb muscles in equine locomotion. J Anat; 205: 479-490.

2004

Witte TH, Wilson AM. Accuracy of non-differential GPS for the determination of speed over ground. J Biomech; 37: 1891-1898.

2004

Witte TH, Knill K, Wilson AM. Determination of peak vertical ground reaction force from duty factor in the horse (Equus caballus). J Exp Biol; 207: 3639-3648.

2004

Eliashar E, McGuigan MP, Wilson AM. Relationship of foot conformation and force applied to the navicular bone of sound horses at the trot. Equine Vet J; 36: 431-435.

2003

Jackson BF, Blumsohn A, Goodship AE, Wilson AM, Price JS. Circadian variation in biochemical markers of bone cell activity and insulin-like growth factor-I in two-year-old horses. J Anim Sci; 81: 2804-2810.

2003

Viitanen MJ, Wilson AM, McGuigan HR, Rogers KD, May SA. Effect of foot balance on the intra-articular pressure in the distal interphalangeal joint in vitro. Equine Vet J; 35: 184-189.

2003

McGuigan MP, Wilson AM. The effect of gait and digital flexor muscle activation on limb compliance in the forelimb of the horse (Equus caballus). J Exp Biol; 206: 1325-1336.

2003

Wilson AM, Watson JC, Lichtwark GA. Biomechanics: A catapult action for rapid limb protraction. Nature; 421: 35-36.

2002

Smith RK, McGuigan MP, Hyde JT, Daly AS, Pardoe CH, Lock AN, Wilson AM. In vitro evaluation of nonrigid support systems for the equine metacarpophalangeal joint. Equine Vet J; 34: 726-731.

2002

Eliashar E, McGuigan MP, Rogers KA, Wilson AM. A comparison of three horseshoeing styles on the kinetics of breakover in sound horses. Equine Vet J; 34: 184-190.

2001

Wilson AM, McGuigan MP, Su A, van Den Bogert AJ. Horses damp the spring in their step. Nature; 414: 895-899.

2001

McGuigan MP, Wilson AM. The effect of bilateral palmar digital nerve analgesia on the compressive force experienced by the navicular bone in horses with navicular disease. Equine Vet J; 33: 166-171.

2001

Wilson AM, McGuigan MP, Fouracre L, MacMahon L. The force and contact stress on the navicular bone during trot locomotion in sound horses and horses with navicular disease. Equine Vet J; 33: 159-165.

2001

Wilson AM, Pardoe CH. Modification of a force plate system for equine gait analysis on hard road surfaces: a technical note. Equine Vet J Suppl: 67-69.

2001

Wilson AM, Pardoe CH, McGuigan MP.  A Forceplate system for determining Limb Ground Reaction Forces during foot slip at contact and foot off during locomotion on road surfaces. Equine Vet J Suppl 33, 66-69.

2001

Pardoe CH, McGuigan MP, Wilson AM.  The effect of shoe material on the kinetics and kinematics of foot slip at impact using a concrete topped forceplate. Equine Vet J Suppl 33, 70-73.

2000

Sturgeon C, Wilson AM, McGuigan MP, Lawes TJ, Muir P.  Triceps tenotomy and double plate stabilisation of Y-T fracture of the humeral condyle in three dogs. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 13, 34-38.

2000

Schumacher J, Wilson AM, Pardoe C, Easter JL. In vitro evaluation of a novel prosthesis for laryngoplasty of horses with recurrent laryngeal neuropathy. Equine Vet J; 32: 43-46.

1999

Boswell JC, Schramme MC, Wilson AM, May SA. Radiological study to evaluate suspected scapulohumeral joint dysplasia in Shetland ponies. Equine Vet J; 31: 510-514.

1999

Pardoe CH, Wilson AM. In vitro mechanical properties of different equine hoof wall crack fixation techniques. Equine Vet J; 31: 506-509.

1999

Williams GE, Silverman BW, Wilson AM, Goodship AE. Disease-specific changes in equine ground reaction force data documented by use of principal component analysis. Am J Vet Res; 60: 549-555.

1998

Patterson-Kane JC, Wilson AM, Firth EC, Parry DA, Goodship AE. Exercise-related alterations in crimp morphology in the central regions of superficial digital flexor tendons from young thoroughbreds: a controlled study. Equine Vet J; 30: 61-64.

1998

Patterson-Kane JC, Firth EC, Parry DA, Wilson AM, Goodship AE. Effects of training on collagen fibril populations in the suspensory ligament and deep digital flexor tendon of young thoroughbreds. Am J Vet Res; 59: 64-68.

1998

Wilson AM, Seelig TJ, Shield RA, Silverman BW. The effect of foot imbalance on point of force application in the horse. Equine Vet J; 30: 540-545.

1997

Birch HL, Wilson AM, Goodship AE. The effect of exercise-induced localised hyperthermia on tendon cell survival. J Exp Biol; 200: 1703-1708.

1997

Harris DB, Harris RC, Wilson AM, Goodship A. ATP loss with exercise in muscle fibres of the gluteus medius of the thoroughbred horse. Res Vet Sci; 63: 231-237.

1997

Patterson-Kane JC, Wilson AM, Firth EC, Parry DA, Goodship AE. Comparison of collagen fibril populations in the superficial digital flexor tendons of exercised and non-exercised thoroughbreds. Equine Vet J; 29: 121-125.

1997

Burn JF, Wilson A, Nason GP. Impact during equine locomotion: techniques for measurement and analysis. Equine Vet J Suppl: 9-12.

1996

Dow SM, Wilson AM, Goodship AE. Treatment of acute superficial digital flexor tendon injury in horses with polysulphated glycosaminoglycan. Vet Rec; 139: 413-416.

1996

Patterson-Kane JC, Davankar SP, Firth EC, Wilson AM, Goodship AE, Parry DAD.  Structural features of horse leg tendons and ligaments: variation with age, function and location.  In Biology and Pathology of the Extracellular Matrix, ed C. Balduini.

1995

Price JS, Jackson B, Eastell R, Wilson AM, Russell RG, Lanyon LE, Goodship AE. The response of the skeleton to physical training: a biochemical study in horses. Bone; 17: 221-227.

1994

Platt D, Wilson AM, Timbs A, Wright IM, Goodship AE. Novel force transducer for the measurement of tendon force in vivo. J Biomech; 27: 1489-1493.

1994

Wilson AM, Goodship AE. Exercise-induced hyperthermia as a possible mechanism for tendon degeneration. J Biomech; 27: 899-905.

1992

Wilmink J, Wilson AM, Goodship AE. Functional significance of the morphology and micromechanics of collagen fibres in relation to partial rupture of the superficial digital flexor tendon in racehorses. Res Vet Sci; 53: 354-359.

 

Book Chapters and Reviews

2006

Rees Wilson, A.M Wolman RL Current concepts in the management of tendon disorders  Rheumatology (4.1) Published on Line.

2000

Wilson, A.M., van den Bogert A.J. & McGuigan, M.P. Optimisation of the muscle – tendon unit for economical locomotion in cursorial animals. In Muscle mechanics: from molecules to function.  Ed W. Herzog.  John Wiley and Sons.

1995

Goodship, A.E., Birch, H.L. & Wilson, A.M.  The pathobiology and repair of tendon and ligament injury. Veterinary Clinics of North America, Vol 10, 323-349.

1994

Goodship, A.E. & Wilson, A.M. Exercise-induced hypothermia as a possible mechanism for tendon degeneration. J Biomech 1994; 27: 899-905.

1992 Goodship, A.E., Silver, I.A,, Wilson, A.M. Treatment of tendonitis in horses. Vet Rec. 1992; 130: 58.

1992

Platt, D., Wilson, A.M. & A. E. Goodship. Measurement of tendon force. Experimental Mechanics, Ed E.G. Little, Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Editorials

 

2007

Wilson, A.M. Science overview. The role of biomechanics in the study of conformation and its relationship to orthopaedic health  Equine Veterinary Journal, 39: 14-16. Online.

1999

Wilson, A.M.  Anatomy rises form the ashes.  Equine Veterinary Journal, Editorial leader 31, 453-454.

1994

Platt, D. & Wilson, A.M.  The role of biomechanics research in the understanding of equine lameness.  Equine Veterinary Journal 26, 6, 435-436.

 

 

 

 

Structure and Motion Lab          These pages maintained by the SML          Contact: Alan Wilson


This page was last modified on 04 February 2010